Business 1. The business sector is where production takes place in the economy. The individual agents…

Match the terms on the left with the definitions on the right:

1. founder

2. annual turnover

3. CEO

4. headquarters

5. division

6. multinational corporation

a. a large company that does business in several different countries b. the director of a company

c. a person who establishes an organization

d. the main central office of a company

e. one of the sectors or groups in a business or organization f. the amount of money that a company makes in one year

1. The true cost of the equipment is the lost opportunity. (What?)

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2. Every day some economic problem or other is mentioned in the newspapers, on the radio and television. (When?)

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3. Scarcity is a world-wide problem and a feature of all societies on our planet. (Where?)

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4. The economists put a lot of questions which economics tries to answer. (Who?)

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5. A business person is always looking out for chances to provide the goods and services that we all need (Why?)

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6. Food, water, shelter, clothes, warmth and other things are essential for our existence. (a general question)

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7. Economic resources are limited in supply/demand. (an alternative question)

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8. People make a profit on their part of the deal. (a question to the subject)

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9. Nowadays money is invested in buying the other goods to repeat the process of production. (a special question – When?)

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10. People want more goods and services than they can obtain, because their wants are not fully satisfied or scarce. (a special question – Why?)

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The English commercial banks have branches in all the major towns and a similar structure and mode of working is common to them ail. The owners are the shareholders. At the outset they provide the necessary capital. They are all organized on the joint stock principle and are registered public companies.

The Chairman and Board of Directors are elected by the ordinary shareholders at the Annual General Meeting and are responsible for the efficient management of the bank. The Board concerned with the over-all policy of the bank and the major decisions which put that policy into effect.

The Board will appoint a Managing Director who is directly responsible to them and a member of the Board. They will also appoint the most senior executives, who in turn appoint the rest of the clerical staff, who will be responsible in different, capacities for the day to day running of the bank.

The essence of a bank’s activities is the collection of deposits through current accounts and deposit accounts and the use of these funds to provide loans or funds for investment. The current account is the one commonly held and is drawn upon by cheques and standing orders. The deposit account is more in the natural of a savings account. The pattern of investments, which a bank decides upon is crucial because on the one hand, the bank must use the funds wisely to make a profit and on the other funds must be available for depositors to withdraw when they wish to do so.

Найти в тексте производные от следующих слов:

to meet

a share

to work

to manage

active

Banking What am I going to do after school or university? Maybe I should consider a job in the world of banking. There’s a surprisingly wide range to choose from — for example, I could work for a high-street bank. Let us see what’s what and who’s who. If to take the roof off a high-street bank, one can reveal that lots of people work behind the scenes in banks. There’s the clerical staff (sometimes called bank clerks), and their job includes sorting cheques, making sure that each customer receives a statement of his/ her account each month, keeping detailed up-to-date records of all bank’s business. The Enquiries, Desk. This is where you go if you need advice about the bank’s services. The Manager. This is the person in charge of the bank. She or he: (a) gives customers advice about their finances, (b) makes sure that the bank and its staff are working properly. The Small-Business Adviser. Banks provide a wide range of services to their customers. This includes advice for people with small businesses. «How do I start a business?» «How much money can I afford to borrow?» «How do I plan ahead to make my business successful?» These are questions like these, which the small-business adviser is there to answer. The Bank’s Computer System. Modem Banks keep all their financial data in computers. This makes it possible to check and provide information at the touch of button. The Foreign Exchange Desk. This is where you go to buy or sell foreign currency. The Vault. Money, important documents and valuable objects (e.g. paintings, jewellery) are kept here. Vaults have very thick walls and strong, steel doors with complex locks. Video Camera. Security is vital in banks. That’s why many of them use video cameras these days. They can’t stop robberies, but can film the robbers. The Cash Dispenser Machine. You need money but the bank’s closed? No problem — use the cash dispenser machine. All you have to do is: (a) put your cash-card into the machine, (b) tap in your personal identification number and the amount of money you want. A few seconds later the money appears. Thanks to machines like these, many banks are now open 24 hours a day. The Night-Safe. Shopkeepers and business people often can’t get to the bank until it’s closed. What do they do with money they’ve earned that day? They put in the night-safe — a strong metal box in the wall of the bank, which can be unlocked with a special key. So, money is an important part of everyday life. These days, money is hi-tech (modern, well-designed and sophisticated). We have notes and coins, which are specially made. We use credit cards. Banks and stock-exchanges can move millions at a touch of a button. So, money is universal — but why? The answer is very simple. Without it trade would be impossible, and people in any society need to exchange goods in order to survive. Questions: 1. What people work in a bank? 2. What does the job of the clerical staff involve? 3. What can you do at inquiries? 4. What does the manager do at the bank? 5. What questions does the small-business adviser answer? 6. Where can you buy or sell foreign currency? 7. Why is money universal?

Complete the task. Read the text below. Transform the words in brackets in capital letters (so that they match the content lexically and grammatically). Use them to fill in the gaps.

AH1imagetemplate423.png

Write one word in each gap.

At its heart, computer science is about problem-solving. Students study the design of software and hardware used to provide solutions for business,

(SCIENCE) and social problems, and the theory that underpins them.

Most computing courses focus on software engineering — things like database design, websites, network systems, and the Internet. But there are other options, such as virtual

(REAL), artificial intelligence, cyber

(SECURE), multimedia and games design, and app design. The range of programs is almost

(END).

Lots of graduates get work in computer

(OPERATE), computer systems sales, and service or software engineering. If you graduate bursting with ideas, you could start a business or build the next essential lifestyle app.

Выпишите из текста все существительные во множественном числе. Choosing an Occupation. There are many interesting and useful professions, and it is really not an easy task to choose the right one. I began to think about my future profession at the age of 15. My favourite subjects at school were mathematics and English. My teachers were well-educated people with deep knowledge of the subjects. They encouraged me in my desire to become an economist. Now I know well what I’m going to do after leaving school. I didn’t make a blind choice. It was not a sudden flash either. I opted for a career in business economics. I came to this decision little by little. It was my father who aroused my interest in that field. You see, he is a chief economist at a large plant and I often saw him work at home and discuss business matters with his colleagues. To become a good specialist in economic matters and business one must know many sciences, such as business economics, finance and credits, statistics, history of economic theory and philosophy, mathematics, as well as economic management, trade business and, of course, marketing, which is a modern philosophy of business. It is very important for a specialist in business matters to be a skilful user of computers and to speak at least one foreign language. It should better be English as it is the most popular language of international business communication. You’ll be able to follow business developments in the world by listening to radio and TV news, by reading newspapers or magazines, or by getting in contact with your business partners abroad. If I pass my entrance exams successfully and enter the University, I’ll try to study to the best of my abilities to achieve my life’s ambition and to justify the hopes of my parents. I also hope that I’ll never regret my choice and get a well-paid and interesting job afterwards. Maybe I should consider a job in a world of banking. There’s a surprisingly wide range to choose from, in the financial world. For example, I could work for a big international company, run my own company, write about economics as a financial journalist, run my own International Business Research Agency, raise money for charities or just sell famous paintings.

In law, it is important to distinguish between the parties involved in a

transaction or an action. Complete the sentences below, using words from the

box. Not all words will be needed.

Cлова: signatories, buyer/seller, borrower/lender, supplier/producer,

wholesalers/retailers, lawyer/client, teacher/student, plaintiff/defendant,

licensee/licensor, franchiser/franchisees, undersigned,

parties to the agreement

1. Everyone promises to obey the treaty – all major countries are …signatories… to

it.

2. The beer can be produced under licence but the ……………………. must fulfil

all the requirements imposed by the ……………………. .

3. Many projects require the cooperation of various partners. If they all agree to work

together, they become ……………………………. .

4. The price was negotiated between the ………………………… and the

………………… of the house, in a private sale.

5. Some clothes companies sell their products on a franchise basis: each country has

a main ……………………., with numerous people working as

……………………. .

6. The bank agreed that the ……………………. should pay 12% on the loan, so the

………………………… made a fair profit!

7. In the civil case, the ……………………. brought an action against the

…………………. for damaging his car on purpose.

8. Manufacturers sell their goods to ……………………., and in turn,

……………………. buy from them.

9. The relationship between a ……………………. and ……………………… is

bound by confidentiality.

10. A letter was sent to the manager complaining about working conditions. All the

members wrote their names. The letter read: ‘We, the ……………………….,

strongly protest about conditions at work.’

Помогите, срочно нужно перевести. Только не через интернет переводчик, а нормальный перевод! :*

Long-term plans

Plans may be long-term or short-term, depending upon the time period they are designed to cover. How long a period the long-term’ plans should cover depends very much on the type of business organisation concerned and the nature of its objectives. ln some (such as small retail shops), it may be as little as a year or even less; in others (such as oil exploratiоn enterprises) it may be as long as twenty or thirty years.

Long term plans are mainly concerned with the main broad objectives which a business or a department hopes ultimately to achieve. These plans take the form of either strategic or tactical plans.

Strategic plans are concerned with what objectives an organisation should try to achieve. They are primarily the responsibility of top management.

Tactical plans deal with how they should be achieved. They are prepared in much more detail and are usually the responsibility of senior management.

Short-term plans

These are concerned with the specific activities necessary to achieve the long-term aims. They are usually `operational’ plans prepared by departmental managers and senior supervisors. They set out in detail, for each department, the working plans for the immediate future.

If the directions issued by management are to be effective, there must be a proper communication system within the organisation since, obviously,

the orders must reach those who are to carry them out. It is equally important that there should be an effective `reporting back’ system –communication is a two-way issue.

Decision-making is a characteristic of management at all Ievels. The more important the matter is, the higher up the management ladder the decision is made. In large organisations – particularly in the public sector –it is often difficult to identify exactly where decisions are made . The point at which they are apparently made is often different from the point at which they are actually made.

Task 3. Answer the questions upon the text:

1. How many parts does any computer system have? 2. What part of computer system includes: a) peripheral devices? b) application programs to solve practical tasks? c) CPU? d) expansion cards? e) bus? f) operating system? g) power supply? 3. What is the other name of computer physical components? 4. How many types of software do you know? What are they? 5. What type of software executes control of a computer’s internal functioning? 6. What does network software coordinate? 7. What electronic circuit contains different electronic chips and connects peripheral devices to the CPU? 8. What computer component helps to link peripheral device with motherboard? 9. What are the functions of a bus in a computer system? 10. Where else are the buses used? 11. What is the general name for sound card and video card? 12. What component should you add to your computer system if you want to see films and play games with beautiful graphics? 13. What is the function of a sound card?

Give full answer

Переведите на русский язык, обращая на инфинитивную конструкцию Complex subject. 1. She is considered to be the best manager in our company. 2. The opening of the trading centre is supposed to be fixed on November. 3. Marketing is known to include product planning, storage, transporting, pricing and selling goods. 4. Availability of the right product at the right time in the right place is known to bring mutual benefit to customers and vendors. 5. Large corporations are known to have the ability to attract financial resources and to hire the best managers. 6. One disadvantage of large corporations is considered to be double taxation. 7. All banks are required to be members of the Federal Reserve System. 8. He is known to be a highly educated and skilled manāger.