Banking What am I going to do after school or university? Maybe I should consider a job in the world…

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The English commercial banks have branches in all the major towns and a similar structure and mode of working is common to them ail. The owners are the shareholders. At the outset they provide the necessary capital. They are all organized on the joint stock principle and are registered public companies.

The Chairman and Board of Directors are elected by the ordinary shareholders at the Annual General Meeting and are responsible for the efficient management of the bank. The Board concerned with the over-all policy of the bank and the major decisions which put that policy into effect.

The Board will appoint a Managing Director who is directly responsible to them and a member of the Board. They will also appoint the most senior executives, who in turn appoint the rest of the clerical staff, who will be responsible in different, capacities for the day to day running of the bank.

The essence of a bank’s activities is the collection of deposits through current accounts and deposit accounts and the use of these funds to provide loans or funds for investment. The current account is the one commonly held and is drawn upon by cheques and standing orders. The deposit account is more in the natural of a savings account. The pattern of investments, which a bank decides upon is crucial because on the one hand, the bank must use the funds wisely to make a profit and on the other funds must be available for depositors to withdraw when they wish to do so.

Найти в тексте производные от следующих слов:

to meet

a share

to work

to manage

active

2 Match questions 1-3 with answers a-c. 1 Excuse me. Where is the bank? 2 Is there a bank near here? 3 How do I get to the bank? a Take the first turning on the right. Go straight You can’t miss it. b Yes, there’s one in Green Street. c It’s opposite the cinema at the end of the ro​

Выпишите из текста все существительные во множественном числе. Choosing an Occupation. There are many interesting and useful professions, and it is really not an easy task to choose the right one. I began to think about my future profession at the age of 15. My favourite subjects at school were mathematics and English. My teachers were well-educated people with deep knowledge of the subjects. They encouraged me in my desire to become an economist. Now I know well what I’m going to do after leaving school. I didn’t make a blind choice. It was not a sudden flash either. I opted for a career in business economics. I came to this decision little by little. It was my father who aroused my interest in that field. You see, he is a chief economist at a large plant and I often saw him work at home and discuss business matters with his colleagues. To become a good specialist in economic matters and business one must know many sciences, such as business economics, finance and credits, statistics, history of economic theory and philosophy, mathematics, as well as economic management, trade business and, of course, marketing, which is a modern philosophy of business. It is very important for a specialist in business matters to be a skilful user of computers and to speak at least one foreign language. It should better be English as it is the most popular language of international business communication. You’ll be able to follow business developments in the world by listening to radio and TV news, by reading newspapers or magazines, or by getting in contact with your business partners abroad. If I pass my entrance exams successfully and enter the University, I’ll try to study to the best of my abilities to achieve my life’s ambition and to justify the hopes of my parents. I also hope that I’ll never regret my choice and get a well-paid and interesting job afterwards. Maybe I should consider a job in a world of banking. There’s a surprisingly wide range to choose from, in the financial world. For example, I could work for a big international company, run my own company, write about economics as a financial journalist, run my own International Business Research Agency, raise money for charities or just sell famous paintings.

1. The true cost of the equipment is the lost opportunity. (What?)

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2. Every day some economic problem or other is mentioned in the newspapers, on the radio and television. (When?)

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3. Scarcity is a world-wide problem and a feature of all societies on our planet. (Where?)

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4. The economists put a lot of questions which economics tries to answer. (Who?)

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5. A business person is always looking out for chances to provide the goods and services that we all need (Why?)

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6. Food, water, shelter, clothes, warmth and other things are essential for our existence. (a general question)

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7. Economic resources are limited in supply/demand. (an alternative question)

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8. People make a profit on their part of the deal. (a question to the subject)

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9. Nowadays money is invested in buying the other goods to repeat the process of production. (a special question – When?)

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10. People want more goods and services than they can obtain, because their wants are not fully satisfied or scarce. (a special question – Why?)

Open the brackets: use the verbs in the Present Simple.

Econnie Francis 1 ________ (to wake up) one minute before her alarm clock 2 _____ (go off). Her train 3 ____ (run) at 7.3 so she 4 ______ (to be) at the train station at 7.15. She 5 _____ (need) to be on time in order to prepare Fed- eral Open Market Committee briefings for the president of the bank. As part of an economist team at the Federal Reserve Bank, she 6 ______ (to be) respon- sible for helping other economists prepare briefings. Her colleagues 7 ______

(to conduct) economic research for the Board of Governors and 8 ________ (to write) working papers. Sometimes Econnie 9 _______ (to analyze) poli- cies and 10 ______ (to produce) economic forecasts on her own. On Tuesdays, the team 11 _______ (to help) the president decide whether or not to lower or raise interest rates. Because their work 12 _______ (to affect) millions of people, her position is high stress but exhilarating. Econnie 13 __________ (to use) a software program. This program 14 ________ (to help) economists see how theories are applied to data.

Перепишите следующие предложения, употребив глаголы, данные в скобках, в соответствующей форме. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Выполните по образцу: Betty often (to take) her young­er brother for a walk. Betty often takes her young­er brother for a walk. 1. The company (to use) credit to buy assets next month. 2. The cash outflow (to exceed) the cash inflow last year. 3. The automobile agency (not to construct) its buildings yet. 4. Customers often (look) around for the highest return on their savings or the lowest rate they can get on a loan. 5. Now the Federal Reserve Bank (to influence) the level of business activity in various spheres of the economy.

Choose the correct word to complete the sentences. 0 The ferry/plane arrived at the airport at ten thirty. 1 It’s dark in here. Can you turn on the lamp / pillow? 2 Don’t walk on the ceiling / floor. The paint is wet. 3 My dad’s a mechanic / farmer. He keeps sheep and cows. 4 That’s a beautiful palace / statue of two children. 5 I keep my diary / passport in my bag. I like to write in it every day. 6 It’s very cold in here. Can you lend me a carpet / blanket? 7 There are lots of bosses/customers in the shop today. It’s very busy. 8 We usually travel to London by staff/ coach. It’s cheaper than the train.

Business

1. The business sector is where production takes place in the economy. The individual agents making up the business sector are called firms. These are the organizations within which entrepreneurship brings together land, labor and capital for the production of goods or services. Economies, in which firms are generally owned by private individuals, rather than by governments, are called capitalist or private enterprise economies. These include almost all the countries in the world today.

2. A firm may be as small as one individual. A large firm is typically a corporation which is a legal entity in itself, having many of the same rights and privileges under law as does a person. The corporation purchases factors of production and receives payment from buyers of its output. The difference between its sales revenue and its costs of production is its profit or earnings. A corporation purchases capital goods, plant and equipment. The owners of a corporation are called shareholders. A large firm typically has many shareholders, some of which are other firms. Firms which primarily invest in other firms are called financial intermediaries. Shareholders play no direct role in the running of the firm, rather they are represented by a board of directors who are elected by shareholders. Shareholders are not liable, in general, for the debts of the corporation.

3. The corporation managers may not even be shareholders. These managers are appointed by the directors as officers of the corporation who are then legally empowered to conduct its business. A primary responsibility of the directors of a corporation is the hiring and oversight of the officers.

Answer the questions:

1. Where does entrepreneurship bring together land, labor and capital?

2. What does a corporation purchase?

3. Do shareholders play a direct role in the running of the firm?

IV. Make the interrogative forms:

1. Information is stored on the desk.

2. The answers are calculated very quickly.

3. E-mails are sent with a modem.

4. My friends are given good marks.

5. I am often given money by my parents.

Дополните рассказ. Используйте артикли а/ ан или the там, где это необходимо: I took on my first job on (1). summer holidays. At (2). first, my parents were against (3). idea of me working. I didn’t really want to spend my summer working either, but it looked like (4) good op- portunity to get some experience and a bit of money. I was (5). sales assistant in a department store, and while it wasn’t (6). particularly challenging work, (7). store could be rather busy at weekends. I had a supervisor whom I really liked. He regularly kept (8) . eye on me to make sure I was doing (9). right job. To my surprise, I found (10) whole experience (11). great fun. I made (12). friends with one of the assistants and we often had (13). good laugh together as she told really funny jokes. That was (14). few years ago, and now I am (15). Managing Director of that same store​