Скласти короткий переказ тексту Deep into darkness на пару речень M e et a c a v e r Stephen Alvarez…
Скласти короткий переказ тексту Deep into darkness на пару речень
M e et a c a v e r
Stephen Alvarez is a caver. He
travels the world exploring and
photographing caves. He (1)
__________ to climb mountains to
reach some caves or dive deep
down to search for underwater
caves. He has photographed some
very impressive caves including the
longest in the world, Mammoth Cave
in the USA, (2 )__________ has 580
kilometres of tunnels.
Un d e r g r o u n d d a n g e r
People sometimes ask Alvarez
( 3 ) __________caving is dangerous.
It is. ‘Caves are dangerous if you
don’t know what you’re doing,’ he
says. Staying safe is important.
Alvarez goes into caves with other
cavers, never by himself. That way,
team m em bers can look out for
each other.
Cavers carry the right ( 4 ) __________
for all situations. Knee pads and
gloves are important, and they must
wear a ( 5 )__________ to protect the
head. Most cavers use headlamps to
provide light. This leaves their hands
free to climb and crawl. They also
carry extra torches and they know
how to use ropes.De c o r a t io n s
There are fantastic shapes to see in caves. These
shapes are called decorations and they form
when rainwater drips onto stone. Examples of
these are stalactites, which hang down from
a cave ceiling, and stalagmites, which grow
upwards from the cave floor. But Alvarez says
there are many ( 6 ) __________, including some
that look like popcorn and some that look like a
nest of eggs.
CAVE CREATURES
Beautiful cave decorations are not all that you’ll
see in caves. Animals live in caves, too. Many of
( 7 ) are eyeless. They don’t need eyes
because there is no light in the cave. Alvarez
has seen fish and spiders without eyes. Because
they can ’t see, these creatures can hear, touch or
smell very well. They can move around and they
know what’s nearby. They can capture their food
without ever seeing the victim!
CAVE THREATS
Explorers like Alvarez know how important it is
to ( 8 )_________ caves. Pollution is one threat.
Polluted water from farms or businesses can flow
into caves, destroying decorations and killing
animals. Human visitors can also be a threat.
A ( 9 ) __________caver can destroy in minutes
what took thousands of years to form. That’s
(1 0 ) responsible cavers say, ‘Take
nothing but pictures. Leave nothing but
footprints. Kill nothing but time!’
Відповідь:
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